Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by extreme mood swings, ranging from periods of intense euphoria (mania) to profound sadness and hopelessness (depression). For those who have a loved one living with bipolar disorder, providing effective support can be vital in helping them navigate the challenges that arise from this condition.

What is bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health disorder that causes drastic shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience periods of intense highs, known as manic episodes, and periods of profound lows, referred to as depressive episodes. These mood swings can significantly impact a person’s daily life, relationships, and overall well-being.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), bipolar disorder affects approximately 1–3% of the global population. It does not discriminate based on age, gender, or ethnicity, and it can manifest at any stage of life. It is essential to recognize that bipolar disorder is a prevalent mental health condition, and with the right support, individuals can lead fulfilling lives.

What causes bipolar disorder?

While the exact reasons are not fully understood, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors contribute to the development of bipolar disorder.

Genetic Factors

There is evidence to suggest that bipolar disorder can run in families, indicating a genetic component. Individuals with a family history of the disorder may have a higher risk of developing it themselves. However, having a family history does not guarantee that someone will develop bipolar disorder.

Neurobiological Factors

The brain’s structure and chemistry play a significant role in bipolar disorder. Some studies have shown differences in brain regions and neurotransmitter imbalances in individuals with the condition. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells in the brain, and imbalances may contribute to mood fluctuations.

Environmental Triggers

Environmental factors play a significant role in the onset of bipolar disorder. Certain life events that induce stress, like experiencing trauma, losing a loved one, or undergoing major life changes, can act as triggers for the disorder, especially in vulnerable individuals. These events can disrupt the delicate balance of neurobiological processes and neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to mood swings and episodes characteristic of bipolar disorder.

Biological Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances, specifically concerning the thyroid gland, have been associated with mood disturbances and bipolar symptoms in certain individuals. The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and hormone production, and disruptions in its functioning can impact mood and mental well-being. When thyroid hormones are either overproduced (hyperthyroidism) or underproduced (hypothyroidism), it can lead to changes in neurotransmitter activity and affect mood stability, potentially triggering or exacerbating bipolar symptoms in susceptible individuals.

Brain Injury

In some rare instances, there is a potential link between traumatic brain injuries or other neurological conditions and the development of bipolar disorder. Traumatic brain injuries, resulting from severe head trauma, can disrupt brain function and alter neural connections, possibly leading to mood dysregulation and bipolar symptoms. Similarly, certain neurological conditions that affect the brain’s structure or chemistry may contribute to the emergence of bipolar disorder in affected individuals.

How to support someone with bipolar disorder

As friends, family members, or partners, showing genuine support becomes crucial in helping individuals with bipolar disorder navigate the challenges they face. By fostering empathy, providing active assistance, and maintaining open communication, we can contribute positively to their lives and encourage a sense of hope and resilience in the face of this condition.

Educate Yourself

Understanding bipolar disorder is the first step toward offering effective support. Educate yourself about the condition, its symptoms, triggers, and treatment options. This knowledge will help you empathize with your loved one’s experiences and provide appropriate support.

Encourage Professional Help

Encourage your loved one to seek professional help from a qualified mental health specialist. A psychiatrist or psychologist experienced in treating bipolar disorder can provide an accurate diagnosis and develop a tailored treatment plan.

Be a Good Listener

Listening with empathy and without judgment is crucial when supporting someone with bipolar disorder. Allow them to express their feelings and emotions freely, creating a safe space for open communication.

Respect Boundaries

People with bipolar disorder may require space and time during certain phases of their condition. It’s essential to respect their boundaries and not pressure them into social activities when they are not ready.

Monitor Oral Treatments

Help your loved one stick to their prescribed oral treatment and treatment plan. Offer assistance with reminders if needed, and be attentive to any potential side effects or changes in behavior.

Offer Practical Support

Simple tasks like cooking, cleaning, or running errands can be overwhelming during depressive episodes. Lend a hand with practical tasks to ease their burden and make their daily life more manageable.

Encourage Healthy Lifestyle Choices

A balanced lifestyle can positively impact mood stability. Encourage regular exercise, a nutritious diet, sufficient sleep, and stress-reduction techniques like meditation or mindfulness.

Participate in a Support Network

Joining a support group for family and friends of individuals with bipolar disorder can offer valuable insights and emotional support. It provides an opportunity to share experiences and coping strategies.

Reminder

Supporting someone with bipolar disorder requires understanding, patience, and empathy. Each person’s journey with bipolar disorder is unique, so providing personalized care and being there for them throughout their highs and lows can make a significant difference in their lives.

If someone you love is struggling with bipolar disorder, you need to seek professional help right away. You can visit Mindshift Psychological Services to help you manage bipolar disorder. You may contact them at (714) 584-9700 to schedule an appointment.